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Pollinators on Proteas

This section details protea pollinators and the proteas they pollinate.

The number in brackets after the protea name refers to the number of occurrences of the pollinator seen on the protea, as recorded in the Protea Atlas Project database held at the National Botanical Institute, Kirstenbosch.

Pollinator Species on Proteas

Cape Sugarbird - Promerops cafer: LDLAUR (2), LDLINI, LDMERI, LDNERV, LDRUBR, LSCATH (2), LSCFLM (8), LSCONOV (17), LSCUNE (7), LSFORM, LSGLAB, LSGRAN, LSGUEI (2), LSLINE, LSMUND, LSPATE, LSPLUR, LSPRCX (6), LSREFL (4), LSTCTM (11), LSUTRI, LSVEST (4), MICUCU (21), MIFIMB (3), MIHIRT (5), MIHOTT, MIPAUC, PRAUREA (10), PRAUREP, PRBURC, PRCANA, PRCORO (3) PRCPCT (16), PRCYNA (4), PREXIM (25), PRGRAN, PRLAUR (78), PRLEPI (15), PRLONG (4), PRLORI (8), PRMAGN, PRMUND (8), PRNERI (45), PRNITI (18), PROBTU (7), PRPUNC (3), PRREPE (45), PRROUPR, PRSUSA (19), TESPEC

Monkey Beetles - Hopliniidae: AUUMBE, DIPARI (4), DITHYMM (2), HASERI, LDBRUNB, LDCHAM, LDDISC (4), LDELIMS, LDEUCA (2), LDGLABG, LDLANIN (6), LDLORA (2), LDMODE, LDPUBE (3), LDREMO (2), LDROOD, LDSESS (3), LDSFLM, LDSGNM (5), LDSGRM, LDSPISS (9), LDXANT (3), LSHYPOH, LSMUIR, LSRODO, MICUCU, PABRAC, PACAPI (2), PADISP, PALAGO, PASPIC, PRGLAB (3), PRLAUR, PRLEPI (2), PRNERI (2), PRPUNC, PRREPE (3), PRSPHL, PRWELW, SEACRO, SEADSC (2), SEAITO (4), SEDODI (3), SEELON, SEFASC (7), SEPEDU (3), SEROSE (2), SETRIT.

Orange Breasted Sunbird - N. violacea: LDLAUR (2), LDMERI, LDXANT, LSCALL, LSCFLM (8), LSCONOV (5), LSCUNE (5), LSFORM, LSLINE, LSMUND, LSOLEI (4), LSPATE (4), LSPLUR (3), LSTCTM (5), LSVEST, LSWITT (2), MICUCU (9), MIFIMB (3), MIHIRT, MISAXA, PABRAC, PRAUREA (4), PRAUREP, PRCANA, PRCORO (2), PRCPCT (7), PRCYNA, PREXIM (7), PRLAUR (26), PRLEPI (10), PRLORI (6), PRMAGN, PRMUND (3), PRNERI (22), PRNITI (8), PROBTU (2), PRPEND, PRPUNC (8), PRREPE (33), PRRUPI (2), PRSULP, PRSUSA.

Lesser Double Collared Sunbird - Nectarinia chalybea: LSAREN, LSCONOC, MIHOTT, PRAUREA, PRCPCT (2), PRLACT, PRLANC, PRLAUR, PRMAGN, PRNERI, PRNITI (2), PRPEND.

Transvaal Sugarbird - Promerops guernii: PRCAFFC (7), PRROUPR (24).

Protea Beetle - Trichostheta spp: LDCOMOC, LDDISC (3), LDGAND (2), LDLAUR, LDPUBE, LDSGNM, LDSPISP (2), LDSPISS (2), LDXANT, LSCONOV (4), LSCUNE, PRAUREP, PRCAFFC, PRCORO, PRCYNA, PRGLAB, PRLAUR (4), PRLEPI, PRNERI (2), PRNITI, PROBTU (2), PRREPE (3), PRROUPR (3), SEFASC, SEROST.

Malachite Sunbird - Nectarinia famosa: LSPLUR, MICUCU, MIFIMB, PRCAFF (2), PRCAFFC (8), PRCAFFK, PRCPCT (2), PRDRAC, PRGLAB, PRLAUR (10), PRNITI, PRREPE (9), PRROUPR (42), PRSIMP, RSUBV (10), PRSUSA.

Solitary Bee: AUUMBE, DIPROT, FASALI, HASERI, LDBARK, LDPUBI, LSOLEI, PASCEP, PRCPCT, PRLORI, PRNITI, PROBTU, PRREPE (3), SEFASC (2), SOLANA, SPPARI, SPRACE.

Scolopid Wasp: DIPARI, DIPROT, PRNITI, SEFASC, SEPEDU.

Carpenter Bee - Xylocopa: GRBANK, LSCONOV, LSCUNE, LSPROS, MICHRY, PABOLU, PABRAC (2), PADISP (2), PALAGO, PRLAUR (2), PRREPE (3), SEELON, SEPHYL SPINCU, SPPARI.

Honey Bee - Apis melifera: AUUMBE, DITHYMM, FASALI, HASERI, LDCFRM, LDGALP, LDGLABG, LDLAUR, LDLORA (2), LDROOD, LDSESS, LDSFLM, LDSGNM, LSAREN, LSCONOV, LSCUNE, LSMUIR, LSOLEI, LSPRSM, LSTCTM, LSTTLM, LSWINT, MICUCU (2), MIFIMB, PAABRO (4), PABOLU, PABRAC (3), PADISP (2), PALAGO, PASPAT, PASPIC, PRBURC (6), PRCANA (2), PRCPCT (2), PRCYNA, PREXIM (2), PRGAGU, PRGLAB (2), PRLAET, PRLAUR (4), PRLEPI (2), PRLONG, PRLORI (3), PRMUND, PRNERI, PROBTU (2), PRPEND (2), PRPUNC (6), PRREPE (24), PRROUPR (4), PRSUBU, PRSULP, PRVENU, SEADSC, SEAITO (3), SEDODI (6), SEELON (3), SEFASC (12), SEPEDU (5), SEROSE, SEVILL (3), SEZEYH, SPPROP, VEOBTUA.

Black Sunbird - Nectarinia amythestina: PRCAFFC (2), PREXIM, PRLORI, PRREPE, PRROUPR.

Greater Doublecollared Sunbird - Nectarinia afra: LSTCTM, PRCAFFC, PRNERI (2), PRNERI, PRSUBV.

Protea Itch Mite - Proctolaelaps vanderbergii: PRLAUR (2), PRNERI.

Rove Beetle - Phloeonomus: LDLAUR, PRCORO, PRCYNA, PRLAUR, PRLEPI(2), PRNERI (3), PROBTU, PRPUNC.

Wasp: LDGALP, PRCPCT, SE FASC

Ladybird Beetle: LSOLEI, SEKRAU

Shellys Sunbird: PRCPTN.

Carpenterbee - Mesotrichia caffra: PABRAC.

Cape Weaver: LSPRSM, PREXIM, PRLAUR (2).

Painted Lady Butterfly: LSTCTM

Long Horn Beetle: LDLANIN

Weevils: LDSESS

Fruit flies: PRAMPL

Scarletchest Sunbird: PRCAFFK

Lyacinid Butterfly: SEFASC (2)

Long proboscid Flies: PRPUNC

Red Winged Starling: PRNITI

Earwig: SEGLOM

Tiger Beetle: PRSUBU

General Pollinators

Other:
DIDIVAD,FASALI, LDLEVI, LDSPISS, LSCONOV, LSCUNE, MICUCU (2), PANOVA, PRCYNA (2), PREFFU, PRNANA, PRSCBR, PRSIMP, PRSPEC, PRWELW, SEGLOM

Mites - Acarinae:
LDXANT, LSSAXA (2), PRCPCT (2), PREXIM, PRGRAN, PRLAUR (10), PRMAGN, PRMUND, PRNERI (5), PRNITI, PRREPE (2), PRROUPR (2),

Birds:
LDEUCA, LDLAUR (3), LDLINI, LDPUBE, LDRUBR (2), LDSGNM, LDTERE, LDXANT (2), LSAREN, LSCALL, LSCATH (4), LSCFLM (20), LSCONOC (1), LSCONOV (35), LSCUNE (16), LSFORM (2), LSGLAB, LSGRAN (2), LSGUEI (2), LSLINE (2), LSMUND (2), LSOLEI (7), LSPATE (4), LSPLUR (10), LSPRCX (6), LSPRSM (4), LSREFL (4), LSRODO, LSTCTM (20), LSUTRI (2), LSVEST (5), LSWITT (2), MICHRY (2), MICUCU (49), MIFIMB (10), MIHIRT (7), MIHOTT (2), MIPAUC, MISAXA, PABRAC, PRACUM, PRARIS, PRAUREA (20), PRAUREP (2), PRBURC (2), PRCAFFC (43), PRCANA (4), PRCORO (10), PRCPCT (15), PRCPTN (3), PRCURV, PRCYNA (7), PRDRAC, PREXIM (45), PRGAGU, PRGLAB (4), PRGRAN (2), PRLACT (3), PRLAUR (136), PRLEPI (23), PRLONG (5), PRLORI (45), PRMAGN (5), PRMUND (17), PRNERI (110), PRNITI (49), PROBTU (11), PRPEND (2), PRPUNC (15), PRREPE (148), PRROUPR (118), PRRUPI (2), PRSIMP (3), PRSPEC, PRSUBV (17), 3314 PRSUSA (25),

Lepidoptera:
DIPARI (2), FAROCH, LSOLEI, LSRODO, LDSGNM, LDSLLR,

LSTCTM, MICUCU (3), PADREG, PRCAFFC (2), PRGLAB, PRLEPI, PRMUND, PRNITI, PRPARV, PRREPE, SEACRO (5), SEAITO, SEDECI, SEFASC (12), SEFUCI, SEKRAU, SEROXB, SOCAPI (2).

Diptera:
DIBUEK, DIDIVAD, DIPARI, GRROBU, HASERI (2), LDARCU, LDBRUNB, LDDAPH, LDELIME, LDEUCA, LDFOED (4), LDGALP, LDGAND (2), LDGLABE, LDLAUR (2), LDLORA (5), LDMUIR (6), LDNERV (2), LDPROC, LDPUBE, LDRADI, LDSESS, LDSFLM (2), LDSGNM (14), LDSGRM (2), LDSLLR (3), LDSPISF F (4), LDSPISP, LDSPISS (5), LDTINC, LSCALL, LSGRAN, LSOLEI, LSPLUR, LSRODO (2), LSTCTM, LSVEST, MICUCU, PADISP, PRAMPL, PRAUREA, PRBURC, PRCAFFC (9), PRCANA, PRCPTN (2), PRCURV, PRCYNA (2), PRDRAC (3), PRGAGU, PRLEPI, PRMUND, PRNERI (4), PRNITI (6), PRPUNC, PRREPE (4), PRROUPR (10), PRSCBR, PRSIMP, PRVENU, PRWELW (2), SEACRO (2), SEAITO (2), SEDECI (2), SEDODI, SEFASC (13), SEFUCI (2), SEGREM, SEINCO, SEKRAU, SELACU, SEMILL, SEVILL, SPMOLL, SPSALS,

Coleoptera:
AUUMBE (5), BRSTEL (2), DIDIVAD (6), DIFRAT, DIMYRT, DIPARI (5), DIPROT, DITHYMM (6), DITHYMT, FASALI, HASERI, LDALBU (2), LDARCU (3), LDBARK (4), LDBRUNB, LDBURC, LDCFRM (2), LDCHAM, LDCINE (4), LDCOMOC (4), LDCORD, LDCORI, LDCORY (2), LDDISC (7), LDDREG, LDELIMS, LDEUCA (5), LDFLOR, LDFOED (4), LDGAND (5), LDGLABE (6), LDGLABG (7), LDGLOB, LDLANIN (13), LDLAUR (8), LDLEVI, LDLORA (4), LDMERI (4), LDMEYE (5), LDMODE (2), LDNERV (2), LDORIE, LDPROC (4), LDPUBE (10), LDPUBI (2), LDREMO (3), LDROOD (8), LDRUBR (5), LDSESS (5), LDSFLM (3), LDSGNM (15), LDSGRM, LDSLLR, LDSPISF (10), LDSPISP (5), LDSPISS (21), LDTHYM, LDULIGU, LDXANT (24), LSAREN, LSBOLU, LSCALL (3), LSCFLM, LSCONOV (11), LSCUNE (6), LSHYPOC (2), LSHYPOH, LSMUIR, LSMUND (2), LSOLEI (2), LSPARI (2), LSPROS, LSRODO (4), LSTOME (2), LSVEST, LSWINT (2), LSWITT (3), MICHRY (4), MICUCU (3), MIHIRT (7), MIHOTT, PAABRO, PABOLU (2), PABRAC (10), PACAPI (3), PADISP (2), PADREG (3), PALAGO (3), PAROOD (2), PASCEP, PASPIC, PRACUM, PRAUREA (3), PRAUREP, PRBURC (2), PRCAFFC (51), PRCORO, PRCPCT, PRCPTN, PRCYNA (8), PRDRAC (19), PREXIM (8), PRGAGU (9), PRGLAB (20), PRINOP, PRLAUR (19), PRLEPI (10), PRLONG (2), PRLORI (5), PRMAGN, PRNANA, PRNERI (29), PRNITI (12), PRNITID (2), PROBTU (3), PRPARV, PRPUNC (7), PRREPE (25), PRROUPR (69), PRRUPI, PRSCBR (2), PRSIMP (16), PRSPEC (2), PRSPHL (4), PRSUBU (2), PRSUBV (21), PRTENA, PRWELW (12), SEACRO (3), SEADSC (4), SEAITO (17), SEALTI, SECYAN, SEDECI, SEDODI (6), SEEFFU, SEELON (2), SEFASC (12), SEGLOM (2), SEINCR, SEKRAU (4), SEMILL, SENERV, SEPEDU (8), SEPHYL (2), SEREFL, SEROSE (2), SEROST (3), SEROXB, SETRIT (2), SEVILL, SOCAPI (2), SPCURV (2),, SPPROP (2), SPRACE, VELATE, VEOBTUA (2).

Wind:
LDEUCA (2), LDRUBR, LDTERE (3), LSCONOV, PRREPE

Mammal:
LSCUNE (2), LSHARP, PASPAT, PRACAU (2), PRAMPL (3), PRASPE, PRCANA, PRCONV, PRCORD, PRCORO, PRCRYO, PRDECU (2), PREFFU, PRFOLI, PRHOLO (2), PRHUMI (2), PRLAUR, PRLORI (2), PRNERI, PRPISC, PRREVO, PRSCBR, PRSUBU (8), PRSULP, PRWITZ PRVENU

Bees and Wasps:
AUCANC, AUUMBE (3), BRSTEL (3), DIBUEK, DIDIVAD (2), DIDIVAM (3), DIFRAT, DIPARI, DIPROT (2), DITHYMM, FAROCH (2), FASALI (4), GRBANK, GRROBU, HADRUP, HASERI (3), LDARGE, LDBARK, LDCFRM, LDGALP, LDGLABE, LDGLABG, LDLANIN, LDLORA (5), LDMUIR, LDNITI, LDPUBI, LDROOD (2), LDRUBR, LDSESS, LDSFLM (6), LDTINC (2), LDXANT, LSAREN, LSCFLM (2), LSCONOC, LSCONOV (5), LSCUNE (3), LSMUIR (2), LSOLEI (), LSPLUR (3), LSPRCX, LSPROS, LSPRSM, LSREFL, LSRODO (4), LSTCTM (2), LSTTLM, LSWINT (4), LSWITT, MICHRY (5), MICUCU (5), MIFIMB, PAABRO (4), PABOLU (7), PABRAC (9), PADISP (6), PADREG, PALAGO (3), PASCEP, PASPAT, PASPATG, PASPIC, PATOME, PRACAU, PRACUM (4), PRAUREA (2), PRBURC (11), PRCAFFC (18), PRCANA (4), PRCONV, PRCORO, PRCPCT (6), PRCPTN (5), PRCYNA (3), PRDRAC (5), PREXIM (2), PRGAGU (7), PRGLAB (3), PRLACT (2), PRLAET, PRLAUR (7), PRLEPI, PRLONG, PRLORI (12), PRMAGN, PRMUND (2), PRNERI (7), PRNITI (15), PROBTU (6), PRPARV (2), PRPEND (2), PRPUNC (6), PRREPE (75), PRROUPR (21), PRSUBU, PRSUBV (3), PRVENU, PRWELW, SEACRO (3), SEADSC (3), SEAITO (2), SEBOLU, SECAND, SECOLL, SECYAN, SEDODI (10), SEEFFU (2), SEELON (6), SEFASC (34), SEFLAV, SEFUCI (4), SEGLOM, SEGREM, SEHIRS, SEKRAU, SENERV (2), SEPEDU (6), SEPHYL, SEROSE, SEROST, SEVILL (10), SEZEYH, SOALOP, SOLANA (2), SPCONF, SPCURV, SPINCU, SPLONG, SPMOLL (3), SPPARI (2), SPPROP (2), SPRACE (3), VELATE, VEOBTUA (2).

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