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Sunshine Conebushes - Leucadendrons

Dune Conebush - Leucadendron coniferum

Female	Male
		Habit: A shrub to 4m tall Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants Flowers: August - September Pollinator: Small beetles Fruit: Stored on plant, released after fire Seed dispersal: Wind - seeds winged Seed storage: In cones on female plants Rarity status: Not threatened, dense isolated stands occur Habitat: Wind-blown sands, 0-300m Distribution: Cape Peninsula, Kogelberg, Kleinmond, Groenland and Klein River Mountains

Visgat Conebush - Leucadendron diemontianum

Female	Male
		Habit: A shrub to 2.2m tall Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants Flowers: June Pollinator: Small beetles Fruit: Stored on plant, released after fire Seed dispersal: Wind - seeds winged Seed storage: In cones on female plants Rarity status: Rare, known from 3 isolated populations Habitat: Wind-blown sands, 0-300m Distribution: Groot Winterhoek foothills at Visgat, Onderboskloof and Rosendal and at Heuningvlei in the nothern Cederberg

Gum-leaf Conebush - Leucadendron eucalyptifolium

Female		Male
			Habit: A shrub to 4m tall Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants Flowers: July - October Pollinator: Small beetles Fruit: Stored on plant, released after fire Seed dispersal: Wind - seeds winged Seed storage: In cones on female plants Rarity status: Not threatened, often in dense and extensive stands Habitat: Sands, mainly sandstone derived, 160-1400m Distribution: Potberg,, Riversdale Flats, Langeberg, Outeniqua, Tsitsikamma and Kouga Mountains and Elandsberg, Swartberg, Waboomsberg, Warmwaterberg, Touwsberg, Rooiberg and Soetwaterberg

Worcester Conebush - Leucadendron flexuosum

Female		Male
			Habit: A spindly shrub up to 2.5m tall Fire survival: Resprouts from underground bole Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants Flowers: April - May Pollinator: Small beetles Fruit: Stored on plant, released after fire Seed dispersal: Wind - seeds winged Seed storage: In cones on female plants Rarity status: Endangered. Known from a single population Habitat: Level alluvial soils, 180-200m Distribution: Breede River Valley at Hartebeest River

Broad-leaf Conebush - Leucadendron gandogeri

Female	Male
		Habit: Rounded shrub to 1.6m tall Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants Flowers: August and September Pollinator: Small beetles Fruit: Stored on plant, released after fire Seed dispersal: Wind - seeds winged Seed storage: In cones on female plants Rarity status: Not threatened, often in dense communities Habitat: Stony mountain slopes on sandy soils, 0-1350m Distribution: Hottentots-Holland Mountains, Kogelberg, Kleinmond, Groenland, Babylonstoring, Klein River and Bredasdorp Mountains

Golden Conebush - Leucadendron laureolum

Female		Male
			Habit: Rounded shrub to 2m tall Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants Flowers: June Pollinator: Small beetles Fruit: Stored on plant, released after fire Seed dispersal: Wind - seeds winged Seed storage: In cones on female plants Rarity status: Not threatened, often in dense communities Habitat: Varied, but usually sandy soils, 0-1000m Distribution: Cape Peninsula to Potberg and Riviersonderend

Limestone Conebush - Leucadendron meridianum

Female		Male
			Habit: Rounded shrub to 2m tall Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants Flowers: June Pollinator: Small beetles Fruit: Stored on plant, released after fire Seed dispersal: Wind - seeds winged Seed storage: In cones on female plants Rarity status: Not threatened, often in dense communities Habitat: Varied, but usually sandy soils, 0-1000m Distribution: Cape Peninsula to Potberg and Riviersonderend

Ivory Conebush - Leucadendron procerum

Female		Male
			Habit: Rounded shrub to 3m tall Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants Flowers: August Pollinator: Small beetles Fruit: Stored on plant, released after fire Seed dispersal: Wind - seeds winged Seed storage: In cones on female plants Rarity status: Rare, Localised in dense stands Habitat: Sandstones sands, 300-670m Distribution: Bokkeveld escarpment, Gifberg, Cederberg to Olifants River Mountains, northern Sandveld

Common Sunshine Conebush - Leucadendron salignum 

Female		Male
			Habit: Multi-stemmed shrub to 2m tall Fire survival: Resprouts from underground bole Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants Flowers: April - November Pollinator: Small Beetles Fruit: Stored on plant, released after fire Seed dispersal: Wind - seeds winged Seed storage: In cones on female plants Rarity status: The most common protea Habitat: Catholic: almost everywhere, 0-2000m Distribution: Nieuwoudtville to Cape Peninsula to Grahamstown

Fragrant Spearleaf Conebush - Leucadendron spissifolium fragrans

Female

Habit: Shrub up to 1.3m tall Fire survival: Resprouts from underground bole Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants Flowers: Setember - October Pollinator: Small Beetles Fruit: Stored on plant, released after fire Seed dispersal: Wind - seeds winged Seed storage: In cones on female plants Rarity status: Not threatened Habitat: Damp sandstone soils, south slopes, 0-1500m Distribution: Langeberg and Outeniqua Mountains

Common Spearleaf Conebush - Leucadendron spissifolium spissifolium

Female		Male
			Habit: Shrub up to 1.3m tall Fire survival: Resprouts from underground bole Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants Flowers: Setember - October Pollinator: Small Beetles Fruit: Stored on plant, released after fire Seed dispersal: Wind - seeds winged Seed storage: In cones on female plants Rarity status: Not threatened Habitat: Damp sandstone soils, south slopes, 0-1500m Distribution: Gifberg, Cederberg, Koue Bokkeveld, Olifants River Mountains, Piketberg, Cape Peninsula, Cape Flats, Groot Winterhoek Mountains to Langeberg, Waboomsberg, Kogelberg to Elim to Riversonderend Mountains, Caledon

Peninsula Conebush - Leucadendron strobilinum

Female	Male
		Habit: A shrub up to 2.6m tall Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants Flowers: September - October Pollinator: Small beetles Fruit: Stored on plant, released after fire Seed dispersal: Wind - seeds winged Seed storage: In cones on female plants Rarity status: Rare, dense isolated stands occur Habitat: Southern damp rocky slopes, 500-1100m Distribution: Table Mountain to Kommetjie on the Cape Peninsula

Sickle-leaf Conebush - Leucadendron xanthoconus

Female		Male
			Habit: A dense shrub up to 2m tall Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants Flowers: August Pollinator: Small Beetles Fruit: Stored on plant, released after fire Seed dispersal: Wind - seeds winged Seed storage: In cones on female plants Rarity status: Not threatened, abundant in extensive stands Habitat: Lower slopes on sandstone soils, 0-670m Distribution: Cape Peninsula, Hottentots-Holland and Groenland Mountains, Kogelberg, Kleinmond, Klein River Mountains to Bredasdorp Mountains, Elim Flats, Caledon, Swartberg, Riviersonderend Mountains and Potberg

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