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Sun Conebushes - Leucadendrons


Swartberg Conebush - Leucadendron barkerae

Female Male
Swartberg Conebush - Photo: David Osborne Swartberg Conebush - Photo: David Osborne Habit: Erect shrub to 2m tall
Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive
Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants
Flowers: September - October
Pollinator: Small beetles
Fruit: Dropped to ground after two months of ripening
Seed dispersal: By rodents
Seed storage: Cached underground in food stores
Rarity status: Rare, known from isolated, discrete stands of a few hundred plants
Habitat: Dry areas bordering Karoo, 1100-1350m
Distribution: Bonteberg to Witteberg, Swartberg, Waboomsberg, Langeberg at Koo

Riviersonderend Conebush - Leucadendron burchellii

Female Male
Riviersonderend Conebush - Photo: Nigel Forshaw Riviersonderend Conebush - Photo: Nigel Forshaw Habit: Erect shrub to 1.6m tall
Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive
Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants
Flowers: August
Pollinator: Small beetles
Fruit: Dropped to ground after two months of ripening
Seed dispersal: By rodents
Seed storage: Cached underground in food stores
Rarity status: Rare, two dense populations are known
Habitat: Northern slopes, stony or sandy sandstone soils, 800-1000m
Distribution: Riversonderend Mountains from Jonaskop to McGregor

Droopy Conebush - Leucadendron cordatum

Male
Droopy Conebush - Photo: NBI Collection Habit: Erect or sprawling shrub to 1m tall
Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive
Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants
Flowers: June - July
Pollinator: Small beetles, perhaps rodents - more information required
Fruit: Dropped to ground after two months of ripening
Seed dispersal: By rodents
Seed storage: Cached underground in food stores
Rarity status: Rare, known from a few isolated stands
Habitat: Rocky sandstone soils, 500-1900m
Distribution: Langeberg between Koo and Barrydale and Swartberg near Klaarstroom

Du Toit's Kloof Conebush - Leucadendron daphnoides

Female Male
Du Toit's Kloof Conebush - Photo: Nigel Forshaw Du Toit's Kloof Conebush - Photo: Nigel Forshaw Habit: Erect shrub to 1.5m tall
Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive
Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants
Flowers: July - September
Pollinator: Small beetles
Fruit: Dropped to ground after two months of ripening
Seed dispersal: By rodents
Seed storage: Cached underground in food stores
Rarity status: Vulnerable, well-isolated stands are extensive and dense but best stands are being lost to forestry
Habitat: Granite slopes, 250 -1000m
Distribution: Slanghoek and Du Toit's Kloof Mountains and Stettynskloof Mountains

Green-Flower Sunbush - Leucadendron loranthifolium

Male
Green-Flower Sunbush - Photo: NBI Collection Habit: A shrub to 2m tall
Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive
Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants
Flowers: July - September
Pollinator: Small beetles
Fruit: Dropped to ground after two months of ripening
Seed dispersal: By rodents
Seed storage: Cached underground in food stores
Rarity status: Not rare, dense populations do occur
Habitat: Sandy ot stony sandstone soils, 80-1000m
Distribution: Gifberg, Cederberg, Sandveld and Hex River Mountains

Van Rhynsdorp Conebush - Leucadendron meyerianum

Female Male
Van Rhynsdorp Conebush - Photo: Nigel Forshaw Van Rhynsdorp Conebush - Photo: Nigel Forshaw Habit: A shrub to 2m tall
Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive
Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants
Flowers: August
Pollinator: Small beetles
Fruit: Dropped to ground after two months of ripening
Seed dispersal: By rodents
Seed storage: Cached underground in food stores
Rarity status: Rare, encountered as small populations
Habitat: Level, sandstone sands, 830m
Distribution: Bokkeveld escarpment around Nieuwoudtville

Van Staden's Conebush - Leucadendron orientale

Male
Van Staden's Conebush - Photo: Nigel Forshaw Habit: A shrub up to 1.3m tall
Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive
Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants
Flowers: June and July
Pollinator: Small beetles
Fruit: Dropped to ground after two months of ripening
Seed dispersal: By rodents
Seed storage: Cached underground in food stores
Rarity status: Vulnerable as a result of aforestation and invasion by alien vegetation, a few populations
Habitat: Heavy sandstone soils, 150-850m
Distribution: Elandsberg from Loerie to Van Stadens Mountains

Purple-leaf Conebush - Leucadendron pubibracteolatum

Female Male
Purple-leaf Conebush - Photo: NBI Collection Purple-leaf Conebush - Photo: Bert Bongers Habit: Erect shrub to 1.3m tall
Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive
Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants
Flowers: July - August
Pollinator: Small beetles
Fruit: Dropped to ground after two months of ripening
Seed dispersal: By rodents
Seed storage: Cached underground in food stores
Rarity status: Rare, a few isolated stands
Habitat: Stony, sandstone soils, 300-1000m
Distribution: Outeniqua, Kouga and Baviaanskloof Mountains from George to Joubertina, Scholtzberg, Swartberg and Kammanassie Mountains

Sun Conebush - Leucadendron sessile

Female Male
Sun Conebush - Photo: Nigel Forshaw Sun Conebush - Photo: Nigel Forshaw Habit: A shrub up to 1.5m tall
Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive
Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants
Flowers: July - August
Pollinator: Small beetles
Fruit: Dropped to ground after two months of ripening
Seed dispersal: By rodents
Seed storage: Cached underground in food stores
Rarity status: Not threatened, extensive, dense stands occur
Habitat: Granite clays on mountain slopes, 10-600m
Distribution: Witsenberg, Elandskloof to Slanghoek Mountains, Hottentots-Holland Mountains from Jonkershoek to Kogelberg

Spicy Conebush - Leucadendron tinctum

Female Male
Spicy Conebush - Photo: Nigel Forshaw Spicy Conebush - Photo: Nigel Forshaw Habit: Erect shrub to 1.3m tall
Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive
Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants
Flowers: July - August
Pollinator: Small beetles
Fruit: Dropped to ground after two months of ripening
Seed dispersal: By rodents
Seed storage: Cached underground in food stores
Rarity status: Rare, a few isolated stands
Habitat: Stony, sandstone soils, 300-1000m
Distribution: Outeniqua, Kouga and Baviaanskloof Mountains from George to Joubertina, Scholtzberg, Swartberg and Kammanassie Mountains

Tradouw Conebush - Leucadendron tradouwense

Female Male
Tradouw Conebush - Photo: Nigel Forshaw Tradouw Conebush - Photo: Nigel Forshaw Habit: An erect shrub up to 2m tall
Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive
Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants
Flowers: June
Pollinator: Small beetles
Fruit: Dropped to ground after two months of ripening
Seed dispersal: By rodents
Seed storage: Cached underground in food stores
Rarity status: Vulnerable, known from 2 discrete dense stands
Habitat: Steep, southern slopes, sandstone soils, 160-180m
Distribution: Langeberg from Tradouw Pass to Groot Vadersbos

Toffeeapple Conebush - Leucadendron 'touwsrivierenses'

Female Male
Toffeeapple Conebush - Photo: Nigel Forshaw Toffeeapple Conebush - Photo: Nigel Forshaw Habit: Erect shrub to 1.5m tall
Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive
Sexual system: Flowers of one sex on separate plants
Flowers: Spring (time not yet adequately determined)
Pollinator: Small beetles
Fruit: Dropped to ground after two months of ripening
Seed dispersal: By rodents, specifically Acomus the Cape Spiny Mouse
Seed storage: Cached underground in food stores
Rarity status: An undescribed species known from only a few localities where it is very common
Habitat: Quartzitic (sandstone) soils in arid areas
Distribution: Bontberg and Hex River north of Touws River

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